sa771sa801sa3331sa4281 sa1301sa1311sa1291sa1281 sa1281sa4001 sa911sa4221sa4191 sa4841sa4851sa4861sa4811sa4821sa4831csa861sa3610sa4080</head><body><p>SARS-CoV PLPro removed Lys63-linked ubiquitin chains of TRAF3 and TRAF6, but not Lys48-linked ubiquitin chains in un-treated and treated cells. the expression of M protein prevents the formation of TRAF3·TANK·TBK1/IKKϵ complex and thereby inhibits TBK1/IKKϵ-dependent activation of IRF3/IRF7 transcription factors. (HEK293/TLR3 stable cell line) </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re289"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19366914" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:27164085" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19380580" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_csa83"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa89" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa83_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa403" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="negative" qual:id="tr_csa83_in_1" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa9" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa83_in_2" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa83" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_csa83_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><and /><apply><eq /><ci>csa89</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>csa9</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa403</ci><cn type="integer">0</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>the expression of M protein prevents the formation of TRAF3·TANK·TBK1/IKKϵ complex and thereby inhibits TBK1/IKKϵ-dependent activation of IRF3/IRF7 transcription factors. (HEK293/TLR3 stable cell line) </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re252"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19380580" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19366914" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_csa84"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa86" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa84_in_0" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa84" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_csa84_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math 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</body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re13"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:20303872" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19380580" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:31226023" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_csa93"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa27" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa93_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa439" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa93_in_1" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa353" qual:transitionEffect="none" 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type="integer">0</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>M protein potently antagonizes the activation of interferon-stimulated response element-dependent transcription by double-stranded RNA, RIG-I, MDA5, TBK1, IKKϵ, and virus-induced signaling adaptor (VISA) Infection of macrophages with N15m1, which expresses an unstable nsp15, or N15m3, which expresses a catalysis-deficient nsp15, activated MDA5, PKR, and the OAS/RNase L system, resulting in an early, robust induction of type I IFN, PKR-mediated apoptosis, and RNA degradation. </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re14"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:28484023" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19380580" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> 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This suggests that NF-kappaB activation is cell-specific." </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re280"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:16143815" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_csa96"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa456" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa96_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa454" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_csa96_in_1" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa416" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="negative" qual:id="tr_csa96_in_2" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa96" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" 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qual:sign="negative" qual:id="tr_sa124_in_2" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa92" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa124_in_3" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa124" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa124_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><and /><apply><or /><apply><eq /><ci>sa123</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa122</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>csa92</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa352</ci><cn type="integer">0</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>the SARS-CoV N protein was found to bind to the SPRY domain of the tripartite motif protein 25 (TRIM25) E3 ubiquitin ligase, thereby interfering with the association between TRIM25 and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and inhibiting TRIM25-mediated RIG-I ubiquitination and activation. (293T, HeLa, A549, Veros, and Calu-3 cell lines) </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re61"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:25581309" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:28148787" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqmodel:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqmodel:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa128"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa124" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa128_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa93" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa128_in_1" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa128" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa128_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><or /><apply><eq /><ci>sa124</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>csa93</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>CARD dependant self polymerization </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re65"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:25581309" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa154"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa82" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa154_in_0" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output 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/></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><eq /><ci>sa154</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re75"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:25581309" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa255"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa118" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa255_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa56" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa255_in_1" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa255" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa255_out" 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qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa256_in_2" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa355" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa256_in_3" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa256" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa256_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><and /><apply><or /><apply><eq /><ci>sa117</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa356</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa355</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa357</ci><cn type="integer">0</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>PLpro interacts with IRF-3 and inhibits the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF-3, thereby disrupting the activation of type I IFN responses through either Toll-like receptor 3 or retinoic acid-inducible gene I/melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 pathways. (in human lung/bronchial epithelial cells) </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re132"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:17761676" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:31226023" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa265"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa337" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa265_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa363" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa265_in_1" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa265" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa265_out" 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><eq /><ci>csa84</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re276"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19366914" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa405"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa362" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa405_in_0" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa405" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa405_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><eq /><ci>sa362</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>ORF-9b targets the mitochondrial-associated adaptor molecule MAVS signalosome by usurping PCBP2 and the HECT domain E3 ligase AIP4 to trigger the degradation of MAVS, TRAF3, and TRAF 6. (A549 and HEK 293 cells) </p> </body></html></notes><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re262"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:25135833" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <bqmodel:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:taxonomy:694009" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqmodel:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa450"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa96" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa450_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa367" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa450_in_1" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa450" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa450_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><or /><apply><eq /><ci>csa96</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa367</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><annotation><rdf:RDF><rdf:Description rdf:about="#re270"> <bqbiol:isDescribedBy> <rdf:Bag> <rdf:li rdf:resource="urn:miriam:pubmed:19366914" /> </rdf:Bag> </bqbiol:isDescribedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa451"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa367" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa451_in_0" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa451" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa451_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><eq 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</rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></annotation></qual:transition><qual:transition qual:id="tr_sa475"><qual:listOfInputs><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="csa102" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa475_in_0" /><qual:input qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa381" qual:transitionEffect="none" qual:sign="positive" qual:id="tr_sa475_in_1" /></qual:listOfInputs><qual:listOfOutputs><qual:output qual:qualitativeSpecies="sa475" qual:transitionEffect="assignmentLevel" qual:id="tr_sa475_out" /></qual:listOfOutputs><qual:listOfFunctionTerms><qual:defaultTerm qual:resultLevel="0" /><qual:functionTerm qual:resultLevel="1"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><apply><and /><apply><eq /><ci>csa102</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply><apply><eq /><ci>sa381</ci><cn type="integer">1</cn></apply></apply></math></qual:functionTerm></qual:listOfFunctionTerms><notes><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title /></head><body><p>"Our results showed that the SARS-CoV N protein can significantly activate NF-kappaB only in Vero E6 cells, which are susceptible to SARS-CoV infection, but not in Vero or HeLa cells. 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